Optimal. Leaf size=44 \[ \sqrt {\frac {1}{6} \left (3+\sqrt {15}\right )} F\left (\sin ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {\frac {1}{3} \left (-3+\sqrt {15}\right )} x\right )|-4-\sqrt {15}\right ) \]
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Rubi [A]
time = 0.09, antiderivative size = 44, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps
used = 2, number of rules used = 2, integrand size = 16, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.125, Rules used = {1109, 430}
\begin {gather*} \sqrt {\frac {1}{6} \left (3+\sqrt {15}\right )} F\left (\text {ArcSin}\left (\sqrt {\frac {1}{3} \left (-3+\sqrt {15}\right )} x\right )|-4-\sqrt {15}\right ) \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 430
Rule 1109
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {3+6 x^2-2 x^4}} \, dx &=\left (2 \sqrt {2}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {6+2 \sqrt {15}-4 x^2} \sqrt {-6+2 \sqrt {15}+4 x^2}} \, dx\\ &=\sqrt {\frac {1}{6} \left (3+\sqrt {15}\right )} F\left (\sin ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {\frac {1}{3} \left (-3+\sqrt {15}\right )} x\right )|-4-\sqrt {15}\right )\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [C] Result contains complex when optimal does not.
time = 10.06, size = 43, normalized size = 0.98 \begin {gather*} -\frac {i F\left (i \sinh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {1+\sqrt {\frac {5}{3}}} x\right )|-4+\sqrt {15}\right )}{\sqrt {3+\sqrt {15}}} \end {gather*}
Warning: Unable to verify antiderivative.
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Maple [B] Both result and optimal contain complex but leaf count of result is larger than twice
the leaf count of optimal. 83 vs. \(2 (37 ) = 74\).
time = 0.07, size = 84, normalized size = 1.91
method | result | size |
default | \(\frac {3 \sqrt {1-\left (-1+\frac {\sqrt {15}}{3}\right ) x^{2}}\, \sqrt {1-\left (-1-\frac {\sqrt {15}}{3}\right ) x^{2}}\, \EllipticF \left (\frac {x \sqrt {-9+3 \sqrt {15}}}{3}, \frac {i \sqrt {6}}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {10}}{2}\right )}{\sqrt {-9+3 \sqrt {15}}\, \sqrt {-2 x^{4}+6 x^{2}+3}}\) | \(84\) |
elliptic | \(\frac {3 \sqrt {1-\left (-1+\frac {\sqrt {15}}{3}\right ) x^{2}}\, \sqrt {1-\left (-1-\frac {\sqrt {15}}{3}\right ) x^{2}}\, \EllipticF \left (\frac {x \sqrt {-9+3 \sqrt {15}}}{3}, \frac {i \sqrt {6}}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {10}}{2}\right )}{\sqrt {-9+3 \sqrt {15}}\, \sqrt {-2 x^{4}+6 x^{2}+3}}\) | \(84\) |
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Failed to integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [A]
time = 0.08, size = 50, normalized size = 1.14 \begin {gather*} \frac {1}{6} \, {\left (\sqrt {5} \sqrt {3} + 3\right )} \sqrt {\sqrt {5} \sqrt {3} - 3} {\rm ellipticF}\left (\frac {1}{3} \, \sqrt {3} \sqrt {\sqrt {5} \sqrt {3} - 3} x, -\sqrt {5} \sqrt {3} - 4\right ) \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {- 2 x^{4} + 6 x^{2} + 3}}\, dx \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {could not integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Mupad [F]
time = 0.00, size = -1, normalized size = -0.02 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {-2\,x^4+6\,x^2+3}} \,d x \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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